World Hepatitis Day 2022: What is Hepatitis?

Hepatitis is a liver disease or infection that can cause significant damage and possibly lead to cirrhosis or death. There are many different forms of hepatitis, and they vary in terms of transmissibility and treatment outcome.

In honour of World Hepatitis Day, here is some important information on three of the most easily transmissible types of hepatitis, as well as what people can do to stay safe from becoming infected and spreading it to others.

This condition is caused by the Hepatitis A virus. It causes inflammation and damage of the liver.

• Hepatitis A is commonly diagnosed in countries with poor water sanitation systems.
• It is spread through unprotected sex, specifically anal sex. It is also spread through sharing dirty needles and skin contact.
• Common symptoms of Hepatitis A include headaches, muscle aches, flu-like symptoms, lethargy, and jaundice.
• Testing is conducted by collecting a blood sample.

This liver infection is spread through semen, blood, and vaginal fluids. Here are some more facts about hepatitis B:

• Hepatitis B can be transmitted through sexual and non-sexual contact with an infected person.
• Although 80 percent of cases can be cured, 20 percent may lead to long-term liver disease and death.
• Hepatitis B is regarded as one of the most easily transmitted blood-bourne viruses in the world. In some cases, the virus can live up to four days on common surfaces.
• Testing for hepatitis B requires a simple blood check.

Hepatitis C is a blood-bourne infection that can lead to serious kidney damage especially if a person does not know that they are infected with it.

• Hepatitis C is spread through unprotected sex, skin-to-skin contact, or sharing dirty needles.
• There are often no symptoms associated with hepatitis C, though some report feeling tired or having digestive issues.
• Testing requires a simple blood draw.

All healthcare workers in the UK must be vaccinated against hepatitis. It’s important to schedule hepatitis testing if a person suspects that they may have come into contact with someone who tested positive with any form of hepatitis.

It’s important to be tested for hepatitis on a regular basis to prevent serious liver damage. Testing can make it more likely for the person to receive the treatment they need to make a full recovery.

1. World Health Organization (WHO): World Hepatitis Day 2022
2. National Institute Of Diabetes And Digestive And Kidney Diseases: Hepatitis A.
3. NHS: Hepatitis B
4. NHS: Hepatitis C